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growth differentiation factor 15

Summary

Gene Symbol

Gdf15

Organism

Mus musculus (house mouse)

External Links

NCBI Gene

23886

PubChem

23886

Alliance of Genome Resources

MGI:1346047

Annotation

Keyword

Cleavage on pair of basic residues
Cytokine
Disulfide bond
Glycoprotein
Hormone
Reference proteome
Secreted
Signal

Proteins

Displaying 1 entry
UniProt	Protein Name
Q9Z0J7	Macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1

Annotation information from UniProt.

Gene Ontology (GO)

Displaying entries **11 - 15** of 15 in total

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GO Term	Evidence Code	PMID
response to metformin	IDA ISO	31875646 32694673
negative regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway	IDA	28572090
energy homeostasis	IDA	37380764
negative regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction	ISO ISS
negative regulation of appetite	IDA IMP ISO	17982462 31875646 32694673 32723474 33207247 35202387

GO Hierarchy

biological process

cellular process [inference]

signal transduction [inference]

intracellular signal transduction [inference]

SMAD protein signal transduction

cellular response to stimulus [inference]

cellular response to stress [inference]

cellular response to chemical stress

cellular response to chemical stimulus [inference]

cellular response to chemical stress

multicellular organismal process [inference]

behavior [inference]

feeding behavior [inference]

eating behavior [inference]

reduction of food intake in response to dietary excess

multicellular organismal-level homeostasis [inference]

energy homeostasis

homeostatic process [inference]

multicellular organismal-level homeostasis [inference]

energy homeostasis

response to stimulus [inference]

response to stress [inference]

cellular response to stress [inference]

cellular response to chemical stress

response to chemical [inference]

response to organic substance [inference]

response to organonitrogen compound [inference]

response to metformin

cellular response to chemical stimulus [inference]

cellular response to chemical stress

response to nitrogen compound [inference]

response to organonitrogen compound [inference]

response to metformin

cellular response to stimulus [inference]

cellular response to stress [inference]

cellular response to chemical stress

cellular response to chemical stimulus [inference]

cellular response to chemical stress

biological regulation [inference]

regulation of biological process [inference]

regulation of immune system process [inference]

negative regulation of immune system process [inference]

negative regulation of leukocyte migration

regulation of leukocyte migration [inference]

negative regulation of leukocyte migration

regulation of metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of cellular metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation

positive regulation of lipid metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation

positive regulation of small molecule metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation

regulation of cellular metabolic process [inference]

regulation of cellular ketone metabolic process [inference]

regulation of fatty acid metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation

regulation of fatty acid oxidation [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation

positive regulation of cellular metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation

regulation of small molecule metabolic process [inference]

regulation of cellular ketone metabolic process [inference]

regulation of fatty acid metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation

regulation of fatty acid oxidation [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation

positive regulation of small molecule metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation

regulation of primary metabolic process [inference]

regulation of lipid metabolic process [inference]

regulation of fatty acid metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation

regulation of fatty acid oxidation [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation

positive regulation of lipid metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation

regulation of signaling [inference]

regulation of signal transduction [inference]

positive regulation of signal transduction [inference]

positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway

negative regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway [inference]

negative regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction

regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway [inference]

negative regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway

regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway [inference]

regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway [inference]

negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway

negative regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway [inference]

regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

regulation of MAPK cascade [inference]

positive regulation of MAPK cascade

regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction [inference]

positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction

regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction

negative regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction

positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

positive regulation of signaling [inference]

positive regulation of signal transduction [inference]

positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of signaling [inference]

negative regulation of signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway

negative regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway [inference]

negative regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction

regulation of growth [inference]

negative regulation of growth [inference]

negative regulation of developmental growth [inference]

negative regulation of multicellular organism growth

regulation of developmental growth [inference]

regulation of multicellular organism growth [inference]

negative regulation of multicellular organism growth

negative regulation of developmental growth [inference]

negative regulation of multicellular organism growth

regulation of locomotion [inference]

negative regulation of locomotion [inference]

negative regulation of cell motility [inference]

negative regulation of cell migration [inference]

negative regulation of leukocyte migration

regulation of cell motility [inference]

regulation of cell migration [inference]

regulation of leukocyte migration [inference]

negative regulation of leukocyte migration

negative regulation of cell migration [inference]

negative regulation of leukocyte migration

negative regulation of cell motility [inference]

negative regulation of cell migration [inference]

negative regulation of leukocyte migration

positive regulation of biological process [inference]

positive regulation of metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of cellular metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation

positive regulation of lipid metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation

positive regulation of small molecule metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation

positive regulation of signaling [inference]

positive regulation of signal transduction [inference]

positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

positive regulation of cellular process [inference]

positive regulation of cell communication [inference]

positive regulation of signal transduction [inference]

positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

positive regulation of cellular metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation

positive regulation of cellular component organization [inference]

positive regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion [inference]

positive regulation of myoblast fusion

positive regulation of response to stimulus [inference]

positive regulation of signal transduction [inference]

positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

positive regulation of developmental process [inference]

positive regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion [inference]

positive regulation of myoblast fusion

negative regulation of biological process [inference]

negative regulation of immune system process [inference]

negative regulation of leukocyte migration

negative regulation of signaling [inference]

negative regulation of signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway

negative regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway [inference]

negative regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction

negative regulation of locomotion [inference]

negative regulation of cell motility [inference]

negative regulation of cell migration [inference]

negative regulation of leukocyte migration

negative regulation of growth [inference]

negative regulation of developmental growth [inference]

negative regulation of multicellular organism growth

negative regulation of cellular process [inference]

negative regulation of cell communication [inference]

negative regulation of signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway

negative regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway [inference]

negative regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction

negative regulation of cell motility [inference]

negative regulation of cell migration [inference]

negative regulation of leukocyte migration

negative regulation of response to stimulus [inference]

negative regulation of signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway

negative regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway [inference]

negative regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction

negative regulation of response to external stimulus [inference]

negative regulation of response to extracellular stimulus [inference]

negative regulation of response to nutrient levels [inference]

negative regulation of response to food [inference]

negative regulation of appetite

negative regulation of developmental process [inference]

negative regulation of developmental growth [inference]

negative regulation of multicellular organism growth

negative regulation of multicellular organismal process [inference]

negative regulation of multicellular organism growth

regulation of response to stimulus [inference]

regulation of signal transduction [inference]

positive regulation of signal transduction [inference]

positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway

negative regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway [inference]

negative regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction

regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway [inference]

negative regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway

regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway [inference]

regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway [inference]

negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway

negative regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway [inference]

regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

regulation of MAPK cascade [inference]

positive regulation of MAPK cascade

regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction [inference]

positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction

regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction

negative regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction

positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

regulation of response to external stimulus [inference]

negative regulation of response to external stimulus [inference]

negative regulation of response to extracellular stimulus [inference]

negative regulation of response to nutrient levels [inference]

negative regulation of response to food [inference]

negative regulation of appetite

regulation of response to extracellular stimulus [inference]

negative regulation of response to extracellular stimulus [inference]

negative regulation of response to nutrient levels [inference]

negative regulation of response to food [inference]

negative regulation of appetite

regulation of response to nutrient levels [inference]

regulation of response to food [inference]

negative regulation of response to food [inference]

negative regulation of appetite

negative regulation of response to nutrient levels [inference]

negative regulation of response to food [inference]

negative regulation of appetite

positive regulation of response to stimulus [inference]

positive regulation of signal transduction [inference]

positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of response to stimulus [inference]

negative regulation of signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway

negative regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway [inference]

negative regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction

negative regulation of response to external stimulus [inference]

negative regulation of response to extracellular stimulus [inference]

negative regulation of response to nutrient levels [inference]

negative regulation of response to food [inference]

negative regulation of appetite

regulation of cellular response to growth factor stimulus [inference]

regulation of cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus [inference]

regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway [inference]

negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway

regulation of developmental process [inference]

regulation of developmental growth [inference]

regulation of multicellular organism growth [inference]

negative regulation of multicellular organism growth

negative regulation of developmental growth [inference]

negative regulation of multicellular organism growth

negative regulation of developmental process [inference]

negative regulation of developmental growth [inference]

negative regulation of multicellular organism growth

positive regulation of developmental process [inference]

positive regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion [inference]

positive regulation of myoblast fusion

regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion [inference]

positive regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion [inference]

positive regulation of myoblast fusion

regulation of myoblast fusion [inference]

positive regulation of myoblast fusion

regulation of cellular process [inference]

signal transduction [inference]

intracellular signal transduction [inference]

SMAD protein signal transduction

regulation of cell communication [inference]

regulation of signal transduction [inference]

positive regulation of signal transduction [inference]

positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway

negative regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway [inference]

negative regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction

regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway [inference]

negative regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway

regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway [inference]

regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway [inference]

negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway

negative regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway [inference]

regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

regulation of MAPK cascade [inference]

positive regulation of MAPK cascade

regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction [inference]

positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction

regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction

negative regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction

positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

positive regulation of cell communication [inference]

positive regulation of signal transduction [inference]

positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of cell communication [inference]

negative regulation of signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway

negative regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway [inference]

negative regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction

regulation of cellular metabolic process [inference]

regulation of cellular ketone metabolic process [inference]

regulation of fatty acid metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation

regulation of fatty acid oxidation [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation

positive regulation of cellular metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation

positive regulation of cellular process [inference]

positive regulation of cell communication [inference]

positive regulation of signal transduction [inference]

positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

positive regulation of cellular metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process [inference]

positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation

positive regulation of cellular component organization [inference]

positive regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion [inference]

positive regulation of myoblast fusion

negative regulation of cellular process [inference]

negative regulation of cell communication [inference]

negative regulation of signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway

negative regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway [inference]

negative regulation of intracellular signal transduction [inference]

negative regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction

negative regulation of cell motility [inference]

negative regulation of cell migration [inference]

negative regulation of leukocyte migration

regulation of cellular component organization [inference]

positive regulation of cellular component organization [inference]

positive regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion [inference]

positive regulation of myoblast fusion

regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion [inference]

positive regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion [inference]

positive regulation of myoblast fusion

regulation of myoblast fusion [inference]

positive regulation of myoblast fusion

regulation of cell motility [inference]

regulation of cell migration [inference]

regulation of leukocyte migration [inference]

negative regulation of leukocyte migration

negative regulation of cell migration [inference]

negative regulation of leukocyte migration

negative regulation of cell motility [inference]

negative regulation of cell migration [inference]

negative regulation of leukocyte migration

regulation of multicellular organismal process [inference]

regulation of multicellular organism growth [inference]

negative regulation of multicellular organism growth

negative regulation of multicellular organismal process [inference]

negative regulation of multicellular organism growth

regulation of biological quality [inference]

regulation of appetite [inference]

negative regulation of appetite

Displaying **all 5** entries
GO Term	Evidence Code	PMID
Golgi apparatus	IEA ISO
extracellular region	IDA ISO	28572090 29046435
extracellular space	IBA ISO ISS
nucleus	ISO ISS
cytoplasm	ISO ISS

GO Hierarchy

cellular component

cellular anatomical entity [inference]

organelle [inference]

membrane-bounded organelle [inference]

intracellular membrane-bounded organelle [inference]

intracellular organelle [inference]

intracellular membrane-bounded organelle [inference]

Displaying **all 4** entries
GO Term	Evidence Code	PMID
hormone activity	IDA IMP ISO	32723474 33207247 35202387
cytokine activity	IBA IDA IMP ISO	32723474 33207247 35202387
growth factor activity	IEA
protein homodimerization activity	IDA ISO	29046435

GO Hierarchy

molecular function

binding [inference]

protein binding [inference]

signaling receptor binding [inference]

receptor ligand activity [inference]

identical protein binding [inference]

protein homodimerization activity

protein dimerization activity [inference]

protein homodimerization activity

molecular function regulator activity [inference]

signaling receptor regulator activity [inference]

signaling receptor activator activity [inference]

receptor ligand activity [inference]

molecular function activator activity [inference]

signaling receptor activator activity [inference]

receptor ligand activity [inference]

Gene Ontology information from NCBI Gene and UniProt.

OrthoDB (Group)

Group level

Rodentia

Group Name

growth/differentiation factor 15

Functional Category

E: Amino acid transport and metabolism
I: Lipid transport and metabolism
L: Replication, recombination and repair
U: Intracellular trafficking, secretion, and vesicular transport

Displaying **all 2** entries
Gene Ontology
cytokine activity
growth factor activity

Displaying **all 3** entries
InterPro
Cystine-knot cytokine
Transforming growth factor-beta, C-terminal
Transforming growth factor-beta-related

Disease

Disease Ontology

Displaying 1 entry
DO ID	Disease Name	Source
DOID:2355	anemia	Alliance of Genome Resources

Ortholog

Displaying entries **71 - 78** of 78 in total

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Species	Gene ID	OrthoDB
Microtus fortis	126491844	100897_0:0048c0
Acomys russatus	127210236	60746_0:00426a
Phodopus roborovskii	127217204	109678_0:000ef5
Apodemus sylvaticus	127668853	10129_0:0047bf
Peromyscus californicus insignis	128119433	564181_0:002435
Psammomys obesus	129685253	48139_1:002d0e
Chionomys nivalis	130862971	269649_0:0047a6
Peromyscus eremicus	131894272	42410_0:004407

GlyTouCan

GlyComb

GlycoPOST

UniCarb-DR

LM-GlycoRepo

All Resources

Other Information

Tools

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Summary

External Links

Annotation

OrthoDB (Group)

International Collaboration

Acknowledgements