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GlyCosmos Glycans

The list of validated glycans extracted from GlyTouCan, updated weekly.

Source	Last Updated
GlyTouCan	August 18, 2024

Displaying entries **1651 - 1675** of **2251** in total

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GlyTouCan ID	IUPAC Condensed	Motifs	Subsumption Level	Monoisotopic Mass	Organisms
G83662TS	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc-ol	N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	2518.93	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Myomorpha Opisthokonta Rodentia Sarcopterygii Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G83710ZZ	HexNAc(?1-?)HexNAc(?1-?)Man(a1-3)[HexNAc(?1-?)HexNAc(?1-?)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(?1-?)]GlcNAc(b1-	N-Glycan core basic	Linkage defined saccharide	1868.7	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Myomorpha Opisthokonta Rattus norvegicus Rattus Rodentia Sarcopterygii Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G83633GK			Base composition with linkage	1722.65	Amniota Betacoronavirus Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Cornidovirineae Coronaviridae Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Myomorpha Nidovirales Opisthokonta Orthocoronavirinae Orthornavirae Pisoniviricetes Pisuviricota Primates Rattus norvegicus Rattus Riboviria Rodentia Sarbecovirus Sarcopterygii Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata Viruses cellular organisms
G83737UD	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc(?1-	N-Glycan complex N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	2151.78	Amniota Articulavirales Artiodactyla Artverviricota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Cricetidae Cricetinae Cricetulus griseus Cricetulus Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Equidae Equus caballus Equus Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Human immunodeficiency virus Insthoviricetes Laurasiatheria Lentivirus Mammalia Mesocricetus auratus Mesocricetus Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Myomorpha Negarnaviricota Opisthokonta Ortervirales Orthomyxoviridae Orthoretrovirinae Orthornavirae Pararnavirae Pecora Perissodactyla Polyploviricotina Primate lentivirus group Primates Rattus Retroviridae Revtraviricetes Riboviria Rodentia Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Suidae Suina Sus scrofa Sus Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata Viruses cellular organisms unclassified Orthomyxoviridae unclassified Primate lentivirus group unidentified influenza virus
G83958MI	Glc(a1-2)Glc(a1-3)Glc(a1-3)Man(a1-2)Man(a1-2)Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc(?1-	N-Glycan core basic	Linkage defined saccharide	1720.59	50 kb inversion clade Amniota Ascomycota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Chordata Craniata Cricetidae Cricetinae Cricetulus griseus Cricetulus Deuterostomia Dikarya Dipnotetrapodomorpha Embryophyta Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euphyllophyta Euteleostomi Eutheria Fabaceae Fabales Fungi Glires Glycine max Glycine subgen. Soja Glycine Gnathostomata Gunneridae Komagataella pastoris Komagataella Magnoliopsida Mammalia Mesangiospermae Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Myomorpha NPAAA clade Opisthokonta Papilionoideae Pentapetalae Phaffomycetaceae Phaseoleae Rodentia Saccharomycetales Saccharomycetes Saccharomycotina Sarcopterygii Spermatophyta Streptophyta Streptophytina Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Tracheophyta Vertebrata Viridiplantae cellular organisms eudicotyledons fabids indigoferoid/millettioid clade rosids saccharomyceta
G84001JR			Glycosidic topology	2912.02	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Myomorpha Opisthokonta Rodentia Sarcopterygii Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G84053BQ	GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc-ol		Linkage defined saccharide	1464.56	Amniota Artiodactyla Artverviricota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Equidae Equus caballus Equus Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Friend spleen focus-forming virus Gammaretrovirus Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Lagomorpha Laurasiatheria Leporidae Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Myomorpha Opisthokonta Ortervirales Orthoretrovirinae Oryctolagus cuniculus Oryctolagus Pararnavirae Pecora Perissodactyla Primates Rattus Retroviridae Revtraviricetes Riboviria Rodentia Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Spleen focus-forming virus Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata Viruses cellular organisms unclassified Gammaretrovirus
G84170WO	Man(a1-2)Man(a1-2)Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc-ol		Linkage defined saccharide	1722.61	50 kb inversion clade Acalyptratae Alphainfluenzavirus influenzae Alphainfluenzavirus Amniota Archelosauria Archosauria Arthropoda Articulavirales Artiodactyla Ascomycota Aves Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Brachycera Catarrhini Chordata Coelurosauria Craniata Cyclorrhapha Deuterostomia Dicondylia Dikarya Dinosauria Dipnotetrapodomorpha Diptera Discoba Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila Drosophilidae Drosophilinae Drosophilini Ecdysozoa Embryophyta Endopterygota Ephydroidea Eremoneura Euarchontoglires Euglenozoa Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euphyllophyta Euteleostomi Eutheria Fabaceae Fabales Fungi Galliformes Galloanserae Glires Gnathostomata Gunneridae Haplorrhini Hexapoda Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Influenza A virus Insecta Insthoviricetes Kinetoplastea Laurasiatheria Magnoliopsida Mammalia Mandibulata Mesangiospermae Metakinetoplastina Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Muscomorpha Myomorpha NPAAA clade Negarnaviricota Neognathae Neoptera Opisthokonta Orthomyxoviridae Orthornavirae Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Papilionoideae Pecora Pentapetalae Phaseoleae Phaseolus vulgaris Phaseolus Polyploviricotina Primates Protostomia Pterygota Rattus Riboviria Rodentia Ruminantia Saccharomyces cerevisiae Saccharomyces Saccharomycetaceae Saccharomycetales Saccharomycetes Saccharomycotina Sarcopterygii Sauria Saurischia Sauropsida Schizophora Simiiformes Sophophora Spermatophyta Streptophyta Streptophytina Suidae Suina Sus scrofa Sus Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Theropoda Tracheophyta Trypanosoma brucei Trypanosoma Trypanosomatida Trypanosomatidae Trypanozoon Vertebrata Viridiplantae Viruses cellular organisms eudicotyledons fabids indigoferoid/millettioid clade melanogaster group melanogaster subgroup rosids saccharomyceta unclassified Orthomyxoviridae unidentified influenza virus
G84153KU	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc(?1-	N-Glycan complex N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	2354.86	Amniota Artiodactyla Bilateria Boreoeutheria Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Myomorpha Opisthokonta Rodentia Sarcopterygii Suidae Suina Sus scrofa Sus Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G84020NP	Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc-ol		Linkage defined saccharide	1033.37	Amniota Artiodactyla Avulavirinae Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Haploviricotina Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Monjiviricetes Mononegavirales Muridae Murinae Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Myomorpha Negarnaviricota Opisthokonta Orthoavulavirus javaense Orthoavulavirus Orthornavirae Paramyxoviridae Primates Rattus Riboviria Rodentia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Suidae Suina Sus scrofa Sus Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata Viruses avian paramyxovirus 1 cellular organisms
G84219QP	Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-3)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-		Linkage defined saccharide	869.3	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Myomorpha Opisthokonta Rattus norvegicus Rattus Rodentia Sarcopterygii Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G84260SO	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[GlcNAc(b1-4)][GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc(?1-	N-Glycan complex N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	2046.75	Amniota Archelosauria Archosauria Aves Bilateria Boreoeutheria Chordata Coelurosauria Craniata Deuterostomia Dinosauria Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Galliformes Galloanserae Glires Gnathostomata Mammalia Meleagridinae Meleagris gallopavo Meleagris Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Myomorpha Neognathae Opisthokonta Phasianidae Rattus Rodentia Sarcopterygii Sauria Saurischia Sauropsida Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Theropoda Vertebrata cellular organisms
G84316BO	GlcNAc(b1-2)[GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[GlcNAc(b1-4)][Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc-ol	N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	2032.77	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Myomorpha Opisthokonta Rattus Rodentia Sarcopterygii Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G84291SQ			Monosaccharide composition with linkage	2514.9	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Myomorpha Opisthokonta Rattus norvegicus Rattus Rodentia Sarcopterygii Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G84440YT	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[GlcNAc(b1-4)][Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc-ol	N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1845.69	Amniota Articulavirales Artiodactyla Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Canidae Caniformia Canis lupus familiaris Canis lupus Canis Capra hircus Capra Caprinae Carnivora Catarrhini Cavia porcellus Cavia Caviidae Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Hystricomorpha Insthoviricetes Lagomorpha Laurasiatheria Leporidae Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Myomorpha Negarnaviricota Opisthokonta Orthomyxoviridae Orthornavirae Oryctolagus cuniculus Oryctolagus Ovis aries Ovis Pecora Polyploviricotina Primates Rattus Riboviria Rodentia Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata Viruses cellular organisms unclassified Orthomyxoviridae unidentified influenza virus
G84448IT	Man(a1-6)Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc-ol		Linkage defined saccharide	896.35	Amniota Artiodactyla Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Myomorpha Opisthokonta Pecora Primates Rattus Rodentia Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Suidae Suina Sus scrofa Sus Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G84456HG	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[GlcNAc(b1-4)][GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc-ol	N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1829.69	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Equidae Equus caballus Equus Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Myomorpha Opisthokonta Perissodactyla Primates Rattus Rodentia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G84452RH			Glycosidic topology	2077.75	Amniota Betacoronavirus Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Cornidovirineae Coronaviridae Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Myomorpha Nidovirales Opisthokonta Orthocoronavirinae Orthornavirae Pisoniviricetes Pisuviricota Primates Rattus norvegicus Rattus Riboviria Rodentia Sarbecovirus Sarcopterygii Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata Viruses cellular organisms
G84369XK		N-Glycan complex Polysialic acid	Linkage defined saccharide	2296.82	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Myomorpha Opisthokonta Rodentia Sarcopterygii Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G84320LV			Monosaccharide composition with linkage	2880.03	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Myomorpha Opisthokonta Rattus norvegicus Rattus Rodentia Sarcopterygii Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G84467IZ	Neu5Ac(a2-6)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[Neu5Ac(a2-6)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-	N-Glycan complex N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	2222.78	Amniota Amphibia Anura Archelosauria Archosauria Artiodactyla Aves Batrachia Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Catarrhini Chordata Coelurosauria Craniata Deuterostomia Dinosauria Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Galliformes Galloanserae Gallus gallus Gallus Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Lagomorpha Laurasiatheria Leporidae Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Myomorpha Neognathae Opisthokonta Oryctolagus cuniculus Oryctolagus Pecora Phasianidae Phasianinae Pipidae Pipoidea Primates Rattus norvegicus Rattus Rodentia Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Sauria Saurischia Sauropsida Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Theropoda Vertebrata Xenopodinae Xenopus laevis Xenopus Xenopus cellular organisms
G84492TS			Monosaccharide composition with linkage	2426.88	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Myomorpha Opisthokonta Primates Rattus norvegicus Rattus Rodentia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G84674JQ	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[Gal(b1-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc(?1-	N-Glycan complex N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1948.7	Amniota Artiodactyla Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Myomorpha Opisthokonta Pecora Rattus Rodentia Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G84676AV	Neu5Gc(a2-3)[Neu5Gc(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-3)Gal(b1-3)GalNAc(b1-4)]Gal(b1-4)Glc(b1-	Asialo-GM1 N-Glycolyl-GM2 N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1686.56	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Myomorpha Opisthokonta Rattus Rodentia Sarcopterygii Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G84596RP	Fuc(a1-2)Gal(b1-3)[GlcNAc(a1-4)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)]GalNAc(a1-	H antigen (type 3) N-acetyllactosamine O-Glycan core 2 Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1097.41	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Myomorpha Opisthokonta Rattus norvegicus Rattus Rodentia Sarcopterygii Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms