GlyCosmos Portal

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GlyCosmos Glycans

The list of validated glycans extracted from GlyTouCan, updated weekly.

Source	Last Updated
GlyTouCan	August 18, 2024

Displaying entries **251 - 275** of **1133** in total

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GlyTouCan ID	IUPAC Condensed	Motifs	Subsumption Level	Monoisotopic Mass	Organisms ▲
G48059CD	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-3)Gal(b1-4)Glc(?1-	N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	707.25	Amniota Artiodactyla Bacteria Betaproteobacteria Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Neisseria gonorrhoeae MS11 Neisseria gonorrhoeae Neisseria Neisseriaceae Neisseriales Opisthokonta Pecora Primates Pseudomonadota Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G39453SO		N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN			Amniota Artiodactyla Bacteria Bifurcata Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Campylobacterales Campylobacterota Catarrhini Chordata Colubroidea Craniata Cricetidae Cricetinae Cricetulus griseus Cricetulus Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Elapidae Elapinae Episquamata Epsilonproteobacteria Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Helicobacter pylori 26695 Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter Helicobacteraceae Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Laurasiatheria Lepidosauria Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Myomorpha Naja kaouthia Naja Opisthokonta Pecora Primates Rodentia Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Sauria Sauropsida Serpentes Simiiformes Squamata Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Toxicofera Unidentata Vertebrata cellular organisms
G38310GJ	Neu5Ac(a2-6)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc		Linkage defined saccharide	674.24	Amniota Artiodactyla Bacteria Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Campylobacterales Campylobacterota Catarrhini Cavia porcellus Cavia Caviidae Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Epsilonproteobacteria Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter Helicobacteraceae Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Hystricomorpha Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Myomorpha Opisthokonta Pecora Primates Rodentia Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G59594LT	Gal(b1-3)GlcNAc		Linkage defined saccharide	383.14	Amniota Artiodactyla Bacteria Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Campylobacterales Campylobacterota Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Enterobacterales Epsilonproteobacteria Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gammaproteobacteria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter Helicobacteraceae Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Morganellaceae Muridae Murinae Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Myomorpha Opisthokonta Pecora Primates Proteus penneri Proteus Pseudomonadota Rodentia Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G77070UX	Gal(a1-3)Gal(b1-4)Glc	a-Gal antigen	Linkage defined saccharide	504.17	Amniota Artiodactyla Bacteria Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Capra hircus Capra Caprinae Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Pecora Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G75789AR	Neu5Gc(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)Glc(b1-	Lactosylceramide	Linkage defined saccharide	649.21	Amniota Artiodactyla Bacteria Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Caprinae Carnivora Catarrhini Cercopithecidae Cercopithecinae Cercopithecoidea Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Enterobacterales Enterobacteriaceae Equidae Equus caballus Equus Escherichia coli Escherichia Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Felidae Feliformia Felinae Felis catus Felis Gammaproteobacteria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Lagomorpha Laurasiatheria Leporidae Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Myomorpha Opisthokonta Oryctolagus cuniculus Oryctolagus Ovis aries Ovis Papio hamadryas Papio Pecora Perissodactyla Platyrrhini Primates Pseudomonadota Rattus Rodentia Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Suidae Suina Sus scrofa Sus Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G03361KC	Neu5Gc(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-3)Gal(b1-4)Glc(b1-	Paragloboside	Linkage defined saccharide	1014.34	Amniota Artiodactyla Bacteria Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Carnivora Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Enterobacterales Enterobacteriaceae Escherichia coli Escherichia Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Felidae Feliformia Felinae Felis catus Felis Gammaproteobacteria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Lagomorpha Laurasiatheria Leporidae Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Myomorpha Opisthokonta Oryctolagus cuniculus Oryctolagus Pecora Primates Pseudomonadota Rodentia Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Suidae Suina Sus scrofa Sus Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G00069MO	Gal(b1-3)GlcNAc(b1-3)Gal(b1-4)Glc	Type 1 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	707.25	Amniota Artiodactyla Bacteria Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Catarrhini Cavia porcellus Cavia Caviidae Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Enterobacterales Enterobacteriaceae Escherichia coli Escherichia Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gammaproteobacteria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Hystricomorpha Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Pecora Primates Pseudomonadota Rodentia Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G56478LD	Neu5Gc(a2-3)[GalNAc(b1-4)]Gal(b1-4)Glc(b1-	N-Glycolyl-GM2	Linkage defined saccharide	852.29	Amniota Artiodactyla Bacteria Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Cricetidae Cricetinae Cricetulus griseus Cricetulus Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Enterobacterales Enterobacteriaceae Escherichia coli K-12 Escherichia coli Escherichia Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gammaproteobacteria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Myomorpha Opisthokonta Pecora Primates Pseudomonadota Rodentia Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G24034CH	Neu5Gc(a2-3)[Gal(b1-3)GalNAc(b1-4)]Gal(b1-4)Glc(b1-	Asialo-GM1 N-Glycolyl-GM2	Linkage defined saccharide	1014.34	Amniota Artiodactyla Bacteria Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Enterobacterales Enterobacteriaceae Escherichia coli K-12 Escherichia coli Escherichia Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gammaproteobacteria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Myomorpha Opisthokonta Pecora Primates Pseudomonadota Rattus Rodentia Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Suidae Suina Sus scrofa Sus Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G40707RU	Gal(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-3)]GlcNAc(b1-2)Man	Lewis x Lex N-acetyllactosamine SSEA-1 Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	691.25	Amniota Artiodactyla Bacteria Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Enterobacterales Enterobacteriaceae Escherichia coli Escherichia Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gammaproteobacteria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Pecora Primates Pseudomonadota Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G44858WT	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man	N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1599.57	Amniota Artiodactyla Bacteria Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Enterobacterales Enterobacteriaceae Escherichia coli Escherichia Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gammaproteobacteria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Pecora Primates Pseudomonadota Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G55153IW	Neu5Gc(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-3)Gal(b1-4)Glc(b1-	I' antigen Paragloboside Type 2 LN2	Linkage defined saccharide	1379.47	Amniota Artiodactyla Bacteria Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Enterobacterales Enterobacteriaceae Escherichia coli Escherichia Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gammaproteobacteria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Pecora Primates Pseudomonadota Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G77019UJ	Neu5Ac(a2-6)Gal(b1-4)Glc		Linkage defined saccharide	633.21	Amniota Artiodactyla Bacteria Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Enterobacterales Enterobacteriaceae Escherichia coli Escherichia Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gammaproteobacteria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Pecora Primates Pseudomonadota Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G83619QP	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)]Man(a1-6)]Man	N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1964.7	Amniota Artiodactyla Bacteria Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Enterobacterales Enterobacteriaceae Escherichia coli Escherichia Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gammaproteobacteria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Pecora Primates Pseudomonadota Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G06171MB	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)]Man	N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	910.33	Amniota Artiodactyla Bacteria Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Enterobacterales Enterobacteriaceae Escherichia coli Escherichia Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gammaproteobacteria Gnathostomata Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Pecora Pseudomonadota Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G32403EK	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)Man	N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	545.2	Amniota Artiodactyla Bacteria Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Enterobacterales Enterobacteriaceae Escherichia coli Escherichia Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gammaproteobacteria Gnathostomata Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Pecora Pseudomonadota Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G62262YL	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)]Man(a1-6)]Man	N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1599.57	Amniota Artiodactyla Bacteria Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Enterobacterales Enterobacteriaceae Escherichia coli Escherichia Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gammaproteobacteria Gnathostomata Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Pecora Pseudomonadota Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G99210HQ	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man	N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	910.33	Amniota Artiodactyla Bacteria Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Enterobacterales Enterobacteriaceae Escherichia coli Escherichia Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gammaproteobacteria Gnathostomata Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Pecora Pseudomonadota Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G88800UV	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc	N-Glycan complex N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	2370.86	Amniota Artiodactyla Batoidea Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Carnivora Catarrhini Chondrichthyes Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Elasmobranchii Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Felidae Feliformia Felinae Felis catus Felis Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Myomorpha Opisthokonta Pecora Primates Rodentia Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Tetronarce californica Tetronarce Theria Torpedinidae Torpediniformes Vertebrata cellular organisms
G80343LW	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc	N-Glycan complex N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	2005.72	Amniota Artiodactyla Batoidea Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Carnivora Catarrhini Chondrichthyes Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Elasmobranchii Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Felidae Feliformia Felinae Felis catus Felis Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Pecora Primates Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Tetronarce californica Tetronarce Theria Torpedinidae Torpediniformes Vertebrata cellular organisms
G84678BK	GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc	N-Glycan complex	Linkage defined saccharide	1316.49	Amniota Artiodactyla Batoidea Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Catarrhini Chondrichthyes Chordata Craniata Cricetidae Cricetinae Cricetulus griseus Cricetulus Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Elasmobranchii Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Myomorpha Opisthokonta Pecora Primates Rodentia Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Tetronarce californica Tetronarce Theria Torpedinidae Torpediniformes Vertebrata cellular organisms
G70059SD	GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc	N-Glycan complex N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1624.6	Amniota Artiodactyla Batoidea Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Catarrhini Chondrichthyes Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Elasmobranchii Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Myomorpha Opisthokonta Pecora Primates Rodentia Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Tetronarce californica Tetronarce Theria Torpedinidae Torpediniformes Vertebrata cellular organisms
G86102WJ	GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc	N-Glycan complex N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1478.54	Amniota Artiodactyla Batoidea Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Catarrhini Chondrichthyes Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Elasmobranchii Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Myomorpha Opisthokonta Pecora Primates Rodentia Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Tetronarce californica Tetronarce Theria Torpedinidae Torpediniformes Vertebrata cellular organisms
G99129GB	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc	N-Glycan complex N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1478.54	Amniota Artiodactyla Batoidea Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Catarrhini Chondrichthyes Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Elasmobranchii Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Myomorpha Opisthokonta Pecora Primates Rodentia Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Tetronarce californica Tetronarce Theria Torpedinidae Torpediniformes Vertebrata cellular organisms